CObservation2DRangeScan.h

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/* +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                     Mobile Robot Programming Toolkit (MRPT)            |
   |                          https://www.mrpt.org/                         |
   |                                                                        |
   | Copyright (c) 2005-2020, Individual contributors, see AUTHORS file     |
   | See: https://www.mrpt.org/Authors - All rights reserved.               |
   | Released under BSD License. See: https://www.mrpt.org/License          |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ */
#pragma once

#include <mrpt/core/aligned_std_vector.h>
#include <mrpt/maps/CMetricMap.h>
#include <mrpt/math/CPolygon.h>
#include <mrpt/obs/CObservation.h>
#include <mrpt/obs/T2DScanProperties.h>
#include <mrpt/poses/CPose3D.h>
#include <mrpt/serialization/CSerializable.h>

// Add for declaration of mexplus::from template specialization
DECLARE_MEXPLUS_FROM(mrpt::obs::CObservation2DRangeScan)

namespace mrpt
{
namespace obs
{
/** A "CObservation"-derived class that represents a 2D range scan measurement
 * (typically from a laser scanner).
 *  The data structures are generic enough to hold a wide variety of 2D
 * scanners and "3D" planar rotating 2D lasers.
 *
 *  These are the most important data fields:
 *    - These three fields are private data member (since MRPT 1.5.0) for
 * safety and to ensure data consistency. Read them with the
 * backwards-compatible proxies `scan`, `intensity`, `validRange` or (preferred)
 * with the new `get_*`, `set_*` and `resize()` methods:
 *      - CObservation2DRangeScan::scan -> A vector of float values with all
 * the range measurements (in meters).
 *      - CObservation2DRangeScan::validRange -> A vector (of <b>identical
 * size</b> to <i>scan<i>), has non-zeros for those ranges than are valid (i.e.
 * will be zero for non-reflected rays, etc.)
 *      - CObservation2DRangeScan::intensity -> A vector (of <b>identical
 * size</b> to <i>scan<i>) a unitless int values representing the relative
 * strength of each return. Higher values indicate a more intense return. This
 * is useful for filtering out low intensity(noisy) returns or detecting intense
 * landmarks.
 *    - CObservation2DRangeScan::aperture -> The field-of-view of the scanner,
 * in radians (typically, M_PI = 180deg).
 *    - CObservation2DRangeScan::sensorPose -> The 6D location of the sensor on
 * the robot reference frame (default=at the origin).
 *
 * \sa CObservation, CPointsMap, T2DScanProperties
 * \ingroup mrpt_obs_grp
 */
class CObservation2DRangeScan : public CObservation
{
    DEFINE_SERIALIZABLE(CObservation2DRangeScan, mrpt::obs)
    // This must be added for declaration of MEX-related functions
    DECLARE_MEX_CONVERSION
   private:
    /** The range values of the scan, in meters. Must have same length than \a
     * validRange */
    mrpt::aligned_std_vector<float> m_scan;
    /** The intensity values of the scan. If available, must have same length
     * than \a validRange */
    mrpt::aligned_std_vector<int32_t> m_intensity;
    /** It's false (=0) on no reflected rays, referenced to elements in \a scan
     */
    mrpt::aligned_std_vector<char> m_validRange;
    /** Whether the intensity values are present or not. If not, space is saved
     * during serialization. */
    bool m_has_intensity{false};

   public:
    /** Used in filterByExclusionAreas */
    using TListExclusionAreas = std::vector<mrpt::math::CPolygon>;
    /** Used in filterByExclusionAreas */
    using TListExclusionAreasWithRanges =
        std::vector<std::pair<mrpt::math::CPolygon, std::pair<double, double>>>;

    /** Default constructor */
    CObservation2DRangeScan() = default;

    /** @name Scan data
        @{ */
    /** Resizes all data vectors to allocate a given number of scan rays */
    void resizeScan(const size_t len);
    /** Resizes all data vectors to allocate a given number of scan rays and
     * assign default values. */
    void resizeScanAndAssign(
        const size_t len, const float rangeVal, const bool rangeValidity,
        const int32_t rangeIntensity = 0);
    /** Get number of scan rays */
    size_t getScanSize() const;

    /** The range values of the scan, in meters. Must have same length than \a
     * validRange */
    const float& getScanRange(const size_t i) const;
    float& getScanRange(const size_t i);
    void setScanRange(const size_t i, const float val);

    /** The intensity values of the scan. If available, must have same length
     * than \a validRange */
    const int32_t& getScanIntensity(const size_t i) const;
    int32_t& getScanIntensity(const size_t i);
    void setScanIntensity(const size_t i, const int val);

    /** It's false (=0) on no reflected rays, referenced to elements in \a scan
     */
    bool getScanRangeValidity(const size_t i) const;
    void setScanRangeValidity(const size_t i, const bool val);

    /** The "aperture" or field-of-view of the range finder, in radians
     * (typically M_PI = 180 degrees). */
    float aperture{M_PIf};
    /** The scanning direction: true=counterclockwise; false=clockwise */
    bool rightToLeft{true};
    /** The maximum range allowed by the device, in meters (e.g. 80m, 50m,...)
     */
    float maxRange{80.0f};
    /** The 6D pose of the sensor on the robot at the moment of starting the
     * scan. */
    mrpt::poses::CPose3D sensorPose;
    /** The "sigma" error of the device in meters, used while inserting the scan
     * in an occupancy grid. */
    float stdError{0.01f};
    /** The aperture of each beam, in radians, used to insert "thick" rays in
     * the occupancy grid. */
    float beamAperture{0};
    /** If the laser gathers data by sweeping in the pitch/elevation angle, this
     * holds the increment in "pitch" (=-"elevation") between the beginning and
     * the end of the scan (the sensorPose member stands for the pose at the
     * beginning of the scan). */
    double deltaPitch{0};

    /** Fill out a T2DScanProperties structure with the parameters of this scan
     */
    void getScanProperties(T2DScanProperties& p) const;
    /** @} */

    void loadFromVectors(
        size_t nRays, const float* scanRanges, const char* scanValidity);

    /** @name Cached points map
        @{  */
   protected:
    /** A points map, build only under demand by the methods getAuxPointsMap()
     * and buildAuxPointsMap().
     *  It's a generic smart pointer to avoid depending here in the library
     * mrpt-obs on classes on other libraries.
     */
    mutable mrpt::maps::CMetricMap::Ptr m_cachedMap;
    /** Internal method, used from buildAuxPointsMap() */
    void internal_buildAuxPointsMap(const void* options = nullptr) const;

   public:
    /** Returns the cached points map representation of the scan, if already
     * build with buildAuxPointsMap(), or nullptr otherwise.
     * Usage:
     *  \code
     *    mrpt::maps::CPointsMap *map =
     * obs->getAuxPointsMap<mrpt::maps::CPointsMap>();
     *  \endcode
     * \sa buildAuxPointsMap
     */
    template <class POINTSMAP>
    inline const POINTSMAP* getAuxPointsMap() const
    {
        return static_cast<const POINTSMAP*>(m_cachedMap.get());
    }

    /** Returns a cached points map representing this laser scan, building it
     * upon the first call.
     * \param options Can be nullptr to use default point maps' insertion
     * options, or a pointer to a "CPointsMap::TInsertionOptions" structure to
     * override some params.
     * Usage:
     *  \code
     *    mrpt::maps::CPointsMap *map =
     * obs->buildAuxPointsMap<mrpt::maps::CPointsMap>(&options or nullptr);
     *  \endcode
     * \sa getAuxPointsMap
     */
    template <class POINTSMAP>
    inline const POINTSMAP* buildAuxPointsMap(
        const void* options = nullptr) const
    {
        if (!m_cachedMap) internal_buildAuxPointsMap(options);
        return static_cast<const POINTSMAP*>(m_cachedMap.get());
    }

    /** @} */

    /** Return true if the laser scanner is "horizontal", so it has an absolute
     * value of "pitch" and "roll" less or equal to the given tolerance (in
     * rads, default=0) (with the normal vector either upwards or downwards).
     */
    bool isPlanarScan(const double tolerance = 0) const;

    /** Return true if scan has intensity */
    bool hasIntensity() const;
    /** Marks this scan as having or not intensity data. */
    void setScanHasIntensity(bool setHasIntensityFlag);

    // See base class docs
    void getSensorPose(mrpt::poses::CPose3D& out_sensorPose) const override
    {
        out_sensorPose = sensorPose;
    }
    void setSensorPose(const mrpt::poses::CPose3D& newSensorPose) override
    {
        sensorPose = newSensorPose;
    }
    void getDescriptionAsText(std::ostream& o) const override;

    /** A general method to truncate the scan by defining a minimum valid
       distance and a maximum valid angle as well as minimun and maximum heights
       (NOTE: the laser z-coordinate must be provided).
      */
    void truncateByDistanceAndAngle(
        float min_distance, float max_angle, float min_height = 0,
        float max_height = 0, float h = 0);

    /** Mark as invalid sensed points that fall within any of a set of
     * "exclusion areas", given in coordinates relative to the vehicle (taking
     * into account "sensorPose").
     * \sa C2DRangeFinderAbstract::loadExclusionAreas
     */
    void filterByExclusionAreas(const TListExclusionAreas& areas);

    /** Mark as invalid sensed points that fall within any of a set of
     * "exclusion areas", given in coordinates relative to the vehicle (taking
     * into account "sensorPose"), AND such as the Z coordinate of the point
     * falls in the range [min,max] associated to each exclusion polygon.
     * \sa C2DRangeFinderAbstract::loadExclusionAreas
     */
    void filterByExclusionAreas(const TListExclusionAreasWithRanges& areas);

    /** Mark as invalid the ranges in any of a given set of "forbiden angle
     * ranges", given as pairs<min_angle,max_angle>.
     * \sa C2DRangeFinderAbstract::loadExclusionAreas
     */
    void filterByExclusionAngles(
        const std::vector<std::pair<double, double>>& angles);

};  // End of class def.

}  // namespace obs
namespace typemeta
{
// Specialization must occur in the same namespace
MRPT_DECLARE_TTYPENAME_PTR_NAMESPACE(CObservation2DRangeScan, ::mrpt::obs)
}  // namespace typemeta

}  // namespace mrpt