string_utils.h

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/* +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                     Mobile Robot Programming Toolkit (MRPT)            |
   |                          http://www.mrpt.org/                          |
   |                                                                        |
   | Copyright (c) 2005-2018, Individual contributors, see AUTHORS file     |
   | See: http://www.mrpt.org/Authors - All rights reserved.                |
   | Released under BSD License. See details in http://www.mrpt.org/License |
   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ */
#pragma once

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <cstdint>
#include <sstream>

namespace mrpt::system
{
/** \addtogroup string_manage String management and utilities
 * Header: `#include <mrpt/system/string_utils.h>`.
 * Library: \ref mrpt_system_grp
 * \ingroup mrpt_system_grp
 * @{ */

/** An OS-independent method for tokenizing a string.
 * The extra parameter "context" must be a pointer to a "char*" variable, which
 * needs no initialization and is used to save information between calls to
 * strtok.
 * \sa system::tokenize
 */
char* strtok(char* str, const char* strDelimit, char** context) noexcept;

/** Tokenizes a string according to a set of delimiting characters.
 * Example:
 * \code
 std::vector<std::string>   tokens;
 tokenize(" - Pepe-Er  Muo"," -",tokens);
 * \endcode
 *
 *  Will generate 3 tokens:
 *      - "Pepe"
 *      - "Er"
 *      - "Muo"
 * \param[in] skipBlankTokens If `true`, consecutive "delimiters" will be
 considered one single delimiters. If `false`, a blank token will be returned
 between each pair of delimiters.
 * \tparam OUT_CONTAINER Can be a std::vector or std::deque of std::string's.
 */
template <class OUT_CONTAINER>
void tokenize(
    const std::string& inString, const std::string& inDelimiters,
    OUT_CONTAINER& outTokens, bool skipBlankTokens = true) noexcept;

/**  Removes leading and trailing spaces */
std::string trim(const std::string& str);

/** Returns a upper-case version of a string.
 * \sa lowerCase  */
std::string upperCase(const std::string& str);

/** Returns an lower-case version of a string.
 * \sa upperCase  */
std::string lowerCase(const std::string& str);

/** Decodes a UTF-8 string into an UNICODE string.
 *  See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8  and
 * http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/misc/misc/multi-lingualsupport/article.php/c10451/.
 */
void decodeUTF8(const std::string& strUTF8, std::vector<uint16_t>& out_uniStr);

/** Encodes a 2-bytes UNICODE string into a UTF-8 string.
 *  See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8 and
 * http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/misc/misc/multi-lingualsupport/article.php/c10451/.
 */
void encodeUTF8(const std::vector<uint16_t>& input, std::string& output);

/** Encode a sequence of bytes as a string in base-64.
 * \sa decodeBase64  */
void encodeBase64(
    const std::vector<uint8_t>& inputData, std::string& outString);

/** Decode a base-64 string into the original sequence of bytes.
 * \sa encodeBase64
 * \return false on invalid base-64 string passed as input, true on success.
 */
bool decodeBase64(const std::string& inString, std::vector<uint8_t>& outData);

/** This function implements formatting with the appropriate SI metric unit
 * prefix: 1e-12->'p', 1e-9->'n', 1e-6->'u', 1e-3->'m', 1->'', 1e3->'K',
 * 1e6->'M', 1e9->'G', 1e12->'T' \sa intervalFormat */
std::string unitsFormat(
    const double val, int nDecimalDigits = 2, bool middle_space = true);

/** Enlarge the string with spaces up to the given length. */
std::string rightPad(
    const std::string& str, const size_t total_len,
    bool truncate_if_larger = false);

/** Return true if the two strings are equal (case sensitive)  \sa strCmpI  */
bool strCmp(const std::string& s1, const std::string& s2);

/** Return true if the two strings are equal (case insensitive)  \sa strCmp */
bool strCmpI(const std::string& s1, const std::string& s2);

/** Return true if "str" starts with "subStr" (case sensitive)  \sa strStartsI
 */
bool strStarts(const std::string& str, const std::string& subStr);

/** Return true if "str" starts with "subStr" (case insensitive)  \sa strStarts
 */
bool strStartsI(const std::string& str, const std::string& subStr);

/** Generates a string for a container in the format [A,B,C,...], and the
 * fmt string for <b>each</b> vector element.
 */
template <typename T>
std::string sprintf_container(const char* fmt, const T& V)
{
    std::string ret = "[";
    typename T::const_iterator it = V.begin();
    for (; it != V.end();)
    {
        ret += format(fmt, *it);
        ++it;
        if (it != V.end()) ret += ",";
    }
    ret += "]";
    return ret;
}

/** @brief Convert a string list to one single string with new-lines. */
void stringListAsString(
    const std::vector<std::string>& lst, std::string& out,
    const std::string& newline = "\r\n");
/** \overload */
void stringListAsString(
    const std::deque<std::string>& lst, std::string& out,
    const std::string& newline = "\r\n");

/** Original code snippet found in http://stackoverflow.com/a/30357710 */
/**\{*/

/** @brief Convert string instance to number */
template <typename T>
T str2num(std::string const& value)
{
    std::stringstream sin;
    sin << value;
    T output;
    sin >> output;
    return output;
}

/**\}*/

/** @} */
}  // namespace mrpt::system